Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bacterial Causes from Diabetic Ulcers in Hospital Kediri, Indonesia

Introduction: Diabetes is a clinical metabolic disease that, if not treated properly, can cause complications, namely diabetic ulcers. Diabetic ulcer infection in DM patients is generally characterized by pus with an open wound size that can increase bacterial infection. Gram-positive coccus bacteria usually cause bacterial infection in wounds of early acute DM patients, and there is only one type (monomicrobial). Furthermore, in the acute stage, several types of microbes will be found (polymicrobial). Objectives:. This study aims to investigate the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of diabetic ulcer infections in patients with DM Methods: Samples of diabetic ulcers were taken from DM patients treated at hospitals in Kediri, Indonesia. Sampling was carried out on pus in diabetic wounds aseptically. Furthermore, the identification of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was carried out. All successfully identified bacteria were tested for antibiotic susceptibility. Results: The bacteria identified were Staphylococcus aureus (50%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25%), Escherichia coli (14.58%), Salmonella paratyphi B (6.25%) and Klebsiella spp (4.17%). The identified bacteria consisted of 4 gram-negative bacteria, the most commonly found being Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. In comparison, the one most commonly found gram-positive bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (100%) are sensitive to kanamycin and ampicillin. At the same time, Chloramphenicol has the best performance in sensitivity to various gram-negative bacteria, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa (58%), Salmonella paratyphi B (66.7%) and Klebsiella (50%). Conclusions: The most common gram-negative bacteria found are Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, while the most common gram-positive bacteria found are Staphylococcus aureus. Kanamycin and ampicillin are sensitive to Staphylococcus aureus, and Chloramphenicol is sensitive to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.