Fermented ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves with Lactobacillus plantarum FNCC 0137 as immunomodulators on Salmonella typhi-Infected mice

The aim of this study was to determine the immunomodulator of fermented and non-fermented of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) on immune responses in Salmonella typhi infected mice. This research employed ten groups of female mice. Group of negative control (NC) received distilled water without bacterial infection, group of positive control (PC) received distilled water and infected by bacteria and six groups of bacteria infected mice that pre-treated with three different doses (14, 42, and 84 mg/kg BW/day) of fermented or non fermented extract of MOL for 21 days. Bacteria are intraperitoneally injected on the day 21th. The administration of extract was continued for one week after injection. The lymphocyte cell isolated from lymph nodes was analyzed with flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17 ANOVA (p<0.05) and followed by Duncan’s test. Mice dosed with fermented or non-fermented extract of MOL (14 and 42 mg/ kg BW/day) showed an increasing number of CD11c + IL-6 and CD8 + IFN-γ, CD8 + TNF-α. However, at a dose of 84 mg/kg BW/day those cells number is decreased indicating as immunosuppressant. Fermented ethanolic extract of MOL is more effective as immunomodulatory agent as compared to non-fermented extract of MOL.