Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Trembesi Leaf Extract (Samanea saman) Against Total and LDL Cholesterol Levels in Hypercholesterolemic Mice

The potential of the trembesi plant (Samanea saman) which is used for traditional medicine includes antibacterial, analgesic, treating headaches and diarrhea [1]. Trembesi leaves are known to have several chemical compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and steroids or triterpenoids which are thought to have activity in reducing total cholesterol levels [2]. The aim of this study was to determine the activity and optimal dose of trembesi leaf extract which can reduce total and LDL cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic mice. Research method: 25 test mice were divided into 5 groups consisting of group 1 given CMC-NA 1% negative control, group 2 given simvastatin 10 mg positive control, groups 3, 4 and 5 were given extract treatment trembesi leaves with doses of 35 mg/KgBW, 175 mg/KgBW and 350 mg/KgBW. The mice tested were given atherogenic feed and then examined for total and LDL cholesterol levels using the CHOD PAP enzymatic method. Data analysis used the one-way ANOVA test, followed by the post hoc test, namely Duncan's test. Results: Ethanol extract of trembesi leaves at a dose of 175 mg/KgBW can reduce total cholesterol levels by 37.07% and LDL by 50.24%. Conclusion: ethanol extract of trembesi leaves at a dose of 175 mg/KgBW provides an optimal effect on reducing total and LDL cholesterol levels (p<0.05).